Emergency lending to banks - Lessons from US banks to save depositors
On 25 January 2024, the Fed, the US Central Bank, announced the termination of its Bank Term Funding Programme with effect from 11 March 2024 (see press release) . This is an emergency loan programme implemented on 12 March 2023 to address liquidity pressures that suddenly started hitting banks and financial system unexpectedly. The immediate cause of such liquidity pressures was the sudden failure of three banks, i.e., Silicon Valley Bank, Signature Bank and Silvergate Bank, in the second week of March 2023. In few weeks, pressures spread across First Republic Bank and a large number of regional and community banks due to the diversion of deposits from banks to money markets. However, the real cause of this banking turmoil was the sugar high interest rate policy of the Fed that elevated the interest rate risk and liquidity stress across the banking and financial system. Therefore, the Fed opted to continue with high interest policy while printing money to pr...